Very broad question, what do you plan on using the car for?
The s80 has a closer 1,2,3 because of the final drive but it has a big jump from 3-4.
The s4c on the other hand is a lot more linear if that makes sense. There's not as big a jump between gears.
If you're planning on using the car for short course auto cross events where you won't get out of third I'd use the s80. If you plan on using all the gears I'd go s4c.
S4c gearboxes tend to sell for a lot less too seen them go for as little as 300 and i've seen s80's go for 750.
Best compromise is a s4c with a 4.7 final drive in my opinion.
Yes. Check out this link for how it works and check out the gear calculator link in the signature of the topicstarter; it answers all you questions precisely